A Thousand Brains
Jeff Hawkins
Explore how the brain builds models of the world—and how this breakthrough could transform our understanding of intelligence and AI.

Listen to the intro
Outline
What's it about?
A Thousand Brains (2021) presents a new theory of how the brain creates intelligence. Jeff Hawkins argues that the neocortex is made of thousands of small units, each building its own model of the world, which then combine to form our understanding. He explains what this means for creating truly intelligent machines and for the future of humanity. Bill Gates named it one of his favourite books of the year.
Key ideas
- Jeff Hawkins proposes a new theory of how the brain creates intelligence.
- The neocortex is made of thousands of small units, and each one builds its own model of the world.
- Our overall understanding of the world comes from these many separate models combining together.
- The theory has direct consequences for how we might build truly intelligent machines.
- Hawkins also looks at what this understanding of intelligence could mean for the future of humanity.
About the author
Jeff Hawkins is an American engineer, entrepreneur, and neuroscientist. He founded Palm Computing and Handspring and helped create the PalmPilot and Treo, early handheld computers that paved the way for smartphones. He later founded the Redwood Neuroscience Institute and the research company Numenta to study how the brain works. His books include On Intelligence and A Thousand Brains.
Questions people ask
What is A Thousand Brains about?
A Thousand Brains by Jeff Hawkins presents a new theory of how the brain creates intelligence. It argues that the neocortex is made of thousands of small units that each model the world and then combine into our overall understanding.
Who should read A Thousand Brains?
It suits readers curious about how the brain works, and anyone interested in artificial intelligence and what it would take to build truly intelligent machines. It also speaks to readers interested in psychology, consciousness and the future of humanity.
Is A Thousand Brains worth reading, and how long is the Durar summary?
Published in 2021, the book was named one of Bill Gates's favourite books of the year. The Durar summary takes about 15 minutes to read or listen to and covers the main theory and its meaning for AI.
You May Also Like
More in Philosophy
Get the key ideas from the world's best books in about 15 minutes
Free account · One free summary every day
















